Which of the following investments are considered to have minimum risk?

Savings accounts and U.S. treasury notes are considered to have minimum risk because they are typically insured and backed by the government. Savings accounts, usually offered by banks, are insured up to a certain amount by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC). This provides a secure place for individuals to store their money with minimal risk of loss.

U.S. treasury notes, issued by the federal government, are also viewed as one of the safest investments available. They are backed by the full faith and credit of the United States government, making them virtually risk-free regarding default. These instruments are favored by conservative investors seeking to preserve capital while earning a nominal return.

Other investment options like stocks and high-yield bonds carry a higher degree of market risk and can lead to significant fluctuations in value. Similarly, real estate properties, although often a solid investment, can face market volatility and other risks associated with property management. Venture capital investments carry even higher risks as they are typically invested in startups or companies in early stages, which may fail to succeed. Therefore, savings accounts and U.S. treasury notes stand out as the most secure choices among the options provided.